Accident Black-Spot validation using GIS on NH-46 from Indore-Bhopal

Abstract

Road traffic accidents remain a major public safety concern in India, particularly on high-volume national highways where increasing traffic density, mixed vehicle movement, and geometric deficiencies contribute to frequent crashes. This study investigates the validation of accident black spots along the NH-46 corridor between Indore and Bhopal using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. The research integrates historical accident records, spatial coordinates, roadway characteristics, and traffic-related data to identify, map, and validate locations with a high concentration of accidents. GIS-based spatial analysis, including hotspot mapping and clustering methods, is employed to visualize accident distribution and assess the severity and frequency of crashes across the highway segment. The validated black spots are further examined with respect to road geometry, intersections, visibility, traffic volume, and surrounding land use to determine the factors influencing accident occurrence. The findings demonstrate that GIS provides an effective platform for accurately identifying hazardous locations and supporting evidence-based decision-making for road safety improvements. The validated black spots can assist highway authorities in prioritizing engineering interventions such as geometric redesign, improved signage, enhanced lighting, speed management, and traffic control measures. The study highlights the significance of integrating spatial technologies with accident databases to strengthen road safety planning, optimize resource allocation, and reduce accident risks. The proposed GIS-based validation framework offers a reliable approach for continuous monitoring and management of accident-prone locations on national highways, contributing to safer transportation infrastructure and sustainable mobility.