Effect of Organic Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Crop Plants

Abstract

The present study analysed the effect of organic fertilizers on growth and yield of crop plants. Organic fertilizers are plant, animal and microbial-based forms of fertilizers, such as farmyard manure, compost, vermicompost, green manure, biofertilizers and crop residues. These fertilizers due to their ability to increase organic matter, improve soil structure, water holding capacity, and beneficial microbial activity, enhance soil fertility. The organic fertilizers release the nutrients slowly and continuously as compared to chemical fertilizers and hence the plant absorb the nutrients according to its need and thus there is no loss of nutrient during leaching and run off. They supply essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur and micronutrients that are necessary for seed germination, root development, shoot growth, leaf formation, chlorophyll production, flowering, fruiting and biomass production. Organic fertilizers also have the ability to enhance soil biological health by promoting microorganisms associated with decomposition, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization and nutrient cycling. Regular use enhances the crop growth, yield quality, grain size, fruit weight and productivity. Besides, organic fertilizers decrease the reliance on chemical fertilizers, reduce and prevent environmental pollution, recycle the agricultural waste and promote sustainable agriculture. So, the use of organic fertilisers is crucial for ensuring the soil's long-term fertility, and for enhancing crop productivity and sustainable farming.