Humanism and Universalism in the Works of Rabindranath Tagore

Abstract

This study explores the concepts of humanism and universalism as central philosophical principles in the works of Rabindranath Tagore. It examines how Tagore’s literary and non-literary writings articulate a vision of humanity rooted in moral freedom, compassion, and spiritual unity that transcends social, cultural, and national boundaries. By analysing selected poems, essays, and fictional works, the paper highlights Tagore’s emphasis on the dignity of the individual alongside a deep sense of collective responsibility. The study situates Tagore’s thought within both Indian philosophical traditions and global humanist discourse, demonstrating how his universalism emerges from an ethical humanism rather than abstract idealism. It further argues that Tagore’s critique of materialism, aggressive nationalism, and dehumanising modern forces remains highly relevant in the contemporary world. Overall, the paper underscores Tagore’s enduring contribution as a moral and philosophical voice advocating harmony, inclusiveness, and shared human values.