Preparation and Study of Biodegradable Polymer-Based Materials Derived from Natural Resources for Environmentally Safe Packaging Applications: A Study in Manipur State

Abstract

The widespread use of synthetic plastics in packaging has led to significant environmental challenges, including pollution of soil, freshwater, and marine ecosystems. To address these concerns, biodegradable polymers derived from renewable natural resources have emerged as sustainable alternatives. This research focuses on the preparation, characterization, and evaluation of biodegradable polymer-based materials using locally available natural resources in Manipur State, India. Materials such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, and protein-based polymers were extracted and processed into films and composite materials using solution casting, melt blending, and compression molding techniques. Comprehensive characterization was carried out to assess mechanical, thermal, barrier, and biodegradation properties. Experimental results demonstrated that natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites exhibited enhanced tensile strength, reduced water vapor permeability, and accelerated biodegradation rates compared to conventional plastics. The study emphasizes the environmental, socio-economic, and industrial relevance of using indigenous resources for sustainable packaging solutions. These findings not only contribute to regional sustainability and rural livelihood promotion but also align with global environmental initiatives such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and national programs like Swachh Bharat Abhiyan and Make in India. The research provides insights into scalable, eco-friendly packaging materials that could potentially replace petroleum-based plastics in a wide range of applications.