Performance optimization of counter flow double pipe heat exchanger using different nano fluids
Keywords:
Counter-flow heat exchanger; Heat transfer effectiveness; Outlet temperature optimization; Thermal performance; NTU–effectiveness methodAbstract
Counter-flow heat exchangers are widely used in thermal systems due to their superior heat transfer performance and efficient energy utilization. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a counter-flow heat exchanger under varying operating conditions and to identify the key parameters influencing heat transfer efficiency. A systematic analysis is carried out by varying critical operating variables, including hot and cold fluid flow rates, inlet temperatures, and effective heat transfer area. The effectiveness–NTU and energy balance approaches are employed to quantify thermal performance and to assess the impact of each parameter on exchanger effectiveness. Further, the study focuses on optimizing the outlet temperature of the hot fluid to maximize heat transfer while ensuring efficient energy utilization and avoiding unnecessary thermal losses. Simultaneously, the outlet temperature of the cold fluid is optimized to enhance overall thermal performance and improve heat recovery potential. Optimization techniques are applied to determine the best combination of operating parameters that achieve the desired outlet temperature conditions with maximum effectiveness. Additionally, the effect of different nanofluids on heat exchanger effectiveness was also tested.
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