Challenges Faced by Women Entrepreneurs and the Role of Ownership in Shaping Their Business Success and Sustainability

Abstract

Women entrepreneurship has emerged as a significant force in economic development and social transformation, yet women entrepreneurs continue to face numerous challenges that limit their business growth and sustainability. Financial constraints, such as restricted access to credit, collateral requirements, and investor biases, remain primary barriers, while socio-cultural factors including gender stereotypes, domestic responsibilities, and societal expectations further constrain women’s entrepreneurial opportunities. Institutional gaps, such as inadequate policy support, poor access to professional networks, and limited training facilities, add to these difficulties. Psychological barriers such as self-doubt, risk aversion, and lack of mentorship further weaken women’s ability to expand and sustain enterprises. Within this context, ownership plays a decisive role in shaping women’s entrepreneurial success. Ownership not only provides women with financial independence and decision-making authority but also enhances their legitimacy, access to resources, and succession rights in family businesses. Conversely, lack of ownership restricts their bargaining power, visibility, and long-term growth prospects. By examining the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs and the crucial role of ownership, this paper highlights the need for comprehensive strategies that include policy reforms, financial inclusion, capacity building, and cultural change. Promoting women’s ownership rights and addressing systemic barriers is essential for building sustainable enterprises, driving inclusive growth, and fostering gender equality in entrepreneurship.