Myth, Folklore and Feminine Consciousness in Girish Karnad’s Nagamandala

Abstract

Myths are not mere fairy tales but living cultural narratives that continue to shape human consciousness, traditions and social structures. In Indian literature, myths and folklore have exercised extraordinary power in defining moral, religious and social values. Girish Karnad, one of the most celebrated playwrights in contemporary Indian drama, draws heavily on myths, folklore, legends and history to create meaningful theatrical experiences that reflect both past traditions and contemporary realities. Among his many plays, Nagamandala is a fascinating example where Karnad blends folk belief, myth, magic and reality into a layered narrative. The play, while rooted in the simplicity of folktale, exposes deeper social issues such as patriarchy, myths of chastity, women’s subjugation and the struggle for identity. This paper critically examines Nagamandala as a myth-based feminist text, analyzing how Karnad reworks myths to challenge patriarchal structures and provide a voice of liberation for women in contemporary society.