Study of Sleep Stages and Disorders within the Framework of Medical Physics
Keywords:
Sleep Stages, Sleep Disorders, Medical Physics, Polysomnography, NeurophysiologyAbstract
Sleep is a vital physiological state governed by intricate neurobiological mechanisms and organized into distinct stages, including non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) phases, each characterized by unique electrophysiological patterns. The study of sleep stages and disorders within the framework of medical physics integrates principles of signal processing, biomechanics, and biomedical instrumentation to understand the dynamics of brain, respiratory, and cardiovascular activity during rest. Disorders such as insomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and parasomnias are investigated using advanced diagnostic tools like polysomnography, electroencephalography, and neuroimaging, while therapeutic interventions rely on the physics of airflow mechanics and pressure modulation in devices such as CPAP machines. Computational models and wearable technologies further enhance sleep analysis and personalized healthcare. By combining physics with medical science, this interdisciplinary approach offers deeper insights into the mechanisms of sleep, improves diagnostic accuracy, and contributes to the effective management of sleep disorders.
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